Bully America

Who says there’s no bipartisanship in Washington?  When it comes to endorsing our culture of violence, revenge, and punishment, we’re essentially a one-party state.  This was vividly on display with the release of the dying Lockerbie bomber by those commies over in Scotland, when the networks fell all over themselves to find “grieving” family members screaming for his head because they just were too aggrieved to wait a couple of weeks for him to be dead anyway, particularly of natural causes.  No voices for compassion and forgiveness could be found, not that anyone looked.  Due to a 30 year “victim’s rights” movement, lavishly funded by the prison/industrial complex, vengeance has been repackaged as “closure” and “healing” for cynical financial gain, and we ended up with the highest incarceration rates in the world, the cost of which has elbowed aside health, education, you name it.  And it has left us a nation of bloodthirsty Inquisitors, not interested in either due process or or the humane treatment of the imprisoned, and woe to any political figure to point this out.  True to form, President Obama, channeling Bill O’Reilly, jumped right on the bandwagon of victims turned victimizers.

When a society becomes merciless, as ours surely has, evil acquires its banality.  When we barely tolerate fair trials for criminals, why wouldn’t we summarily toss purported “terrorists” in the dungeon and throw away the key?  When we allow our prisons to become overcrowded concentration camps with their own, often grisly Death Chambers, why wouldn’t we torture prisoners?  When every tinpot dictator is slickly branded as an existential threat, why wouldn’t we bomb and devastate innocents all over the world, to “keep us safe?”

The problem, outside of the staggering moral cost, is that there’s also a financial cost as well, as we’re now beginning, at long last, to see.  No country can spend trillions on war, billions on prisons, while its wealthy and powerful are coddled with low taxes and virtual immunity from the law, and not eventually find itself in bankruptcy, unable to pay for basic human needs while war and punishment drain us of both our money and our humanity.  We’ve come to the point where we are literally shocked that other, more civilized countries, would release a dying man who may not even be guilty, out of simple humanity.  Humanity is soooo pre-911.  Those Scots have universal health care, too, which only goes to show what pussies they are.

The irony is that sacrificing real human needs in favor of prisons only leads to more crime, and that mindlessly aping terrorists all over the world only leads to more terrorism, a nifty fact that our only growing industries, with their enormous power and influence, incarceration and military  suppliers, understand all too well, as they bleed us dry while we scream for blood.  Thus, their greed has, well, just by happy accident, turned us into a nation of sociopaths, and nobody fucks with a sociopath, not even a purportedly “liberal” president.

I used to think that Bush and the Republicans, with their cowboy attitudes and FOX-addled, gun-loving supporters were the problem but they weren’t; they were just an appalling symptom of a much larger disease.  America, get thee to a psychologist.

34 Comments

  1. heru-ur says:

    You wrote, “they were just an appalling symptom of a much larger disease” and in that sentence you will find 120 percent agreement from me. I have been saying for decades that very thing. We have become a very sick, brutal, deranged society.

    The fellow in question in your post may very well have been innocent. They convicted him on the testimony of a shop keeper who IDed him after seeing a newspaper picture of him and the article claimed he was one of the perps. Not the way a fair trial is supposed to work.

    The “victims rights” people also don’t seem to understand that if the convicted man is really innocent, then the real criminal that hurt your family is free as a bird out there someplace laughing at you.

    We have, collectively, lost all ability to reason it seems. We will look at a thing based on how we want it to be rather than how it really is. This is human nature to some extent and has been known for thousands of years — but I think it has become exponentially worse in our day.

    By the way. This post was one of the Hag’s very best. Congrats.

    • cocktailhag says:

      Thanks, Heru…
      It really is frightening to see that only our lowest emotions are ever activated, as crazy becomes the new normal. I thought, as I was writing, that you would like this post; it involves our area of complete agreement.

  2. Jim White says:

    Wow, powerfully written, Hag. We are pitted against a society that makes “24″ prime viewing and gives its ears (and millions of dollars) the the anal cyst known as Limbaugh.

    One time, long ago, “Have you no decency?” made a difference, if only briefly. I fear it’s far too late for that now. “On what planet do you spend most of your time?” had a brief comic effect for some of us here on Earth, but was not understood on the planets where it was most needed.

    • cocktailhag says:

      Of course. Anything nonviolent is simply out of the question as a solution, no matter the problem.
      My disgust and embarrassment grow by the day.

    • heru-ur says:

      Jim,

      Please allow me to “jump on you” and ask why you think America has become what you seem to think it has become. Why, in other words, does “Have you no decency” have no currency any longer? Why have we become the rough and coarse beast slouching towards Gomorrah?

      I have though about it for decades. It is part of my religion as a matter of fact. I wonder what your answer is.

      • Jim White says:

        My point is that the culture has become so dependent on being spoon-fed superficial inanities in which subgroups of whatever type are told they are the only superior beings while everyone else is unworthy.

        Look at the town hall meetings. Some who show up are there because they really are concerned about their livelihood in the face of big changes, yet they allow themselves to be misled by fake populism into agitating against their own self-interests. There is no mechanism these days for society to slow down and have a real conversation that can start from shared values and work through differences.

        • heru-ur says:

          Jim,

          I agree with what you are saying. I guess our difference is that I would look for some deeper reason.

          We have become brutal. I mean brutal in all aspects of our life. Take a look at internet sites where most everyone agree with each other on the majority of issues. Still there is loud yelling, name calling, and so forth and very little of the calm, rational, reasoning that you would like to see.

          I agree that politicians are able to get away with “sound bite politics” that obscures rather than informs. Why this is so, is harder to see.

          My wife says, “it is a poser”.

  3. Jim Montague says:

    Nice. I really wish I could write with your passion, and half as well.

  4. rmp says:

    Great post. If we are going to fix our culture, we first need to banish the ridiculous American thinking that we are the best in the world and anyone who does something different from us is wrong. It stems from religious thinking, Christian-Judea is the major culprit in America, that we know who the true God is and our religion is right and the others are wrong. Once you believe you have the powerful faith proof, not scientific proof, that you are right about something as intangible as God, then your arrogance knows no bounds when judging other cultures.

    Our idea of justice is based on winners and losers. For me to win because you caused the death of a loved one, you must lose and you are a sinner condemned forever to suffer. So even if you have weeks to live, you deserve to die as a dog because only vengeance will sooth me not forgiveness and I will remain angry the rest of my life.

    Other cultures have figured out that there are many reasons for why someone makes a terrible mistake and that it is possible after paying a heavy consequence for the killer to change and even make valuable contributions to society. Rehabilitation is the goal, not vengeance. The Scotts and Brits see no value in denying someone a chance to die with family members.

    Examples abound including my experience with a drunk driver who killed my dad, where forgiveness is far more beneficial. The Greeks understood this when they wrote and believed that “hate destroys the vessel that contains it.” The vengeance seekers also fail to understand how much family members of a killer or criminal suffer at no fault of their own.

    • cocktailhag says:

      That’s the point, RMP… It’s that we’ve been told that the opposites of healing and closure will give us healing and closure, and have collectively gone cuckoo because of it.

  5. harpie says:

    Terrific post, Hag.
    Also incredibly sad…but true.

  6. Karen M says:

    So very, very eloquent, CH!

    I’ve never read you in better form… I have to tweet about this now, and post it on facebook, too.

    • cocktailhag says:

      It was in thinking about your suggestion that I write about teh stoopid, that the more I thought about it, it was teh heinous that was the root of it all. Hence, this.

  7. rmp says:

    This is an example of the ultimate scum. Breaks the law under his watch by stealing so many billions that he had to pay $1.7 billion in penalties then blames everyone but himself when interviewed by Rick Sanchez on CNN. And now he uses his dirty money to kill health reform. Put him in prison for life and if he has three months to live, it would be OK to let him go free. Fat chance of anything like that happening. Why put him in prison? All he has done is still billions and cause the death and suffering of thousands. Now if he got caught selling marijuana, then we could put him away for a long time.
    Rick Sanchez Takes On Anti-Health Reform Group Again (video)
    http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/08/21/rick-sanchez-takes-on-ant_n_265573.html

  8. rmp says:

    Another case of our so called justice. There is a considerable possibility he was framed and is a political prisoner, so now he has to remain in prison until at least 2024. US justice strikes again.

    American Indian activist Leonard Peltier, convicted in FBI agent deaths, denied parole
    http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/wire/sns-ap-us-peltier-parole,0,1411297.story

  9. timothy3 says:

    CH, that was really devastating, and appropriately so. You mentioned in passing the Scots and healthcare. Well, that reminded me of the so-called “clearances” of the late 18th early 19th centuries, where the English aristocracy forcibly removed highlanders from their traditional land-holdings. Naturally, they did the same with the Irish and–voila!–we have lots of Irish and Scottish descendants here in the new world.
    Well, I don’t mean to veer off into a history lesson, but it’s so painfully clear that we–as a nation–are a bunch of dumb fucks who deserve what’s undoubtedly coming to us (although I exclude children and those of infirm mind–like me). My God, if there were ever a laundry list of deaths and maimings brought about by this nation, well, even Dante couldn’t create a Circle of Hell deep enough.
    Keep it up, Hag. It’s important.

    • cocktailhag says:

      It’s sad. We’ve been whipped into a frenzy so people could make money off it. What a nice epitaph for the headstone of the “land of the free.”

  10. mikeinportc says:

    ” Another case of our so called justice. There is a considerable possibility he was framed and is a political prisoner”

    Ditto the Libyan. Back when the accusation was first made, 60 Minutes investigated the case. Their conclusion : the Syrians did it. They had ( & broadcast) airport security video from Sri Lanka that showed the accused bombers , at a time that made it very unlikely that they were the bombers. There was other compelling evidence , that I’ve since forgotten. Why accuse the Libyans, when e evidence pointed at Damascus? The Clinton Administration was in negotiations with Syria & Israel, an enterprise that would be complicated by accusations of terrorism.

    The “brutality”? Nothin’ new. Been there from the beginning. Just the capability for quantity, less personal nature, and the far-flung locations of most of it, has changed.

    • Meremark says:

      Mike, your reference to Clinton Admin (‘negotiating’ with Syria & Israel) is out of synch with The Timeline. The bomb occurred in Dec. 1988, the month after Geo. H.itler W.orker Bush — call him ‘Herbie’ — was elected, and less than 3 months after Herbie’s order shot down the (Iran’s) civilian passenger plane with Iranians going to Mecca. 400+ innocent souls killed.

      A couple things about that. During Raygun’s 8 years in office he was non compos mentis, blibbety-blibbety lips, sponge-brained out, the whole 9 yards. Raygun was the cardboard photo op prop, Herbie wielded the power — all that you know happened 1980-88 was Herbie’s direction and doing … without his fingerprints on it. So when military madness shoots down an unarmed civilian passenger plane in October ’88: Herbie did it. (When Dumbo stoopid bum gets installed in the Evil Office of The Fright House in Dec. 2000, the pawn placed as planned in advance, to front the cover-up control after Herbie’s Nine-Eleven Op would be conducted: Herbie did it.) Secondly: Iran controlled Syrian proxies who were paid $10 million reportedly to bomb the Lockerbie plane, (on-board were, mostly, innocent civilian souls, too, but also a team of CIA goatherds who ‘knew too much’ … which implies that both enemy and ‘friendly’ fire might have motive to target them, as is always the liability for two-timing double agents and duplicitous double-crossers), to get Iran’s revenge. It was Herbie, (all the while full-well knowing Iran’s Syrian cell did it), who ‘negotiated’ with Iran/Syria (1990), (Mr. “wobbly-kneed” in Margaret Thatcher’s disparagement of him), giving them non-prosecution in order to get their allowance for Herbie’s attack on Iraq posed as ‘saving Kuwait.’

      Clinton has his own murderous mayhem guilts, laden with which his Earthly departure is headed to hellish eternal torment, but the Lockerbie notoriety was not one of his … although he later knew the truth about it.

      As for ‘negotiating with Israel’ — that is such a LOL that I’m not going to even start to explain (the facts of death). Basically, the powerlust sociopath Zionist (Likudniks, et al.) office-holding faction in Israel IS the CIA’s totalitarian faction’s puppets and allies in subhuman brutalism … any pretense of US-Israel ‘negotiation’ is a foil as foregone as a scripted Punch ‘n’ Judy skit.

  11. Meremark says:

    On the larger longer topic of The Timeline:

    All the mentions (so far) are arrayed along The Timeline, including (in reverse chronology) the Lockerbie bombing, Pelletier victimization, Calley massacre, McCarthy having “no decency,” and much much more.

    Enter consideration of The Timeline through the Lockerbie bomb story, (since a handy link is available just now, making the rounds on the internets and YouTubes, to shine light in that entryway). And then, once inside and ‘into it,’ let’s look at the widest circumstantial environment of The Timeline from present-day back at least as far as 1945 events, although there are signal antecedents back before then.

    I link to this — Lockerbie Doubts, by Lisa Pease, August 21, 2009 — HERE, (Common Dreams .ORG) for the sake of the furthering Comments section, yet the better high-quality site to discover is at the original source of the item, HERE: Consortium News .COM

    In any kind of major transnational event, there is the historical truth, what actually happened, and the political truth, what must have happened for the nations involved to continue on as before.
    Sometimes, these accounts match; other times, these “truths” are wildly divergent, which appears to be the case with the Lockerbie bombing.

    . . .

    the Sunday Times of London reported in its front-page headline of March 26, 1989, “Pan Am Bombers Identified.” The article stated that anonymous intelligence sources knew who was behind the bombing: “the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command, led by Ahmed Jibril, a Damascus-based PLO renegade who opposes Yasser Arafat’s current peace drive.”

    The paper claimed that PLO sources had told it the group had received $10 million to bring down the plane in retaliation for the downing of an Iranian civilian airline by the American cruiser Vincennes the summer before.

    (The U.S. claimed the Vincennes thought it was being attacked, and fired in self-defense, a claim which had no basis in reality, despite having been voiced by President Ronald Reagan and Vice President and former CIA director George H.W. Bush. President Reagan refused to apologize to Iran for this tragic mistake.)

    The Observer reported that, after the shootdown of the Iranian plane, the Iranian chargé d’affaires in Beirut invited Ahmed Jibril and other terrorists to a meeting attended by representatives of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard, where plans were made to bring down a plane with a bomb.
    The final meeting purportedly took place at the Carlton Hotel in Beirut just days before the Lockerbie incident.

    . . .

    Among the victims was a man alleged to have been planning a rescue operation for the American hostages then being held in Beirut, U.S. Army Major Charles McKee, a Defense Intelligence Agency employee who had been assigned temporarily to the CIA.

    McKee had been accompanied by four others that were later identified as CIA men: Matthew Gannon, the CIA’s Beirut Deputy Station Chief; Ronald Larivier, Daniel O’Connor, and Bill Leyrer. Was the presence of these men on the flight significant in any way? Were they targets? One investigator believed that was a possibility.

    . . .

    report, commonly called the Intefor Report, contains several claims, which, if true, are remarkable. It’s hard to know how much credibility to give the report, although Aviv’s firm had done business with the IRS and other government agencies, and had even been hired by the Secret Service to investigate potential threats against President Reagan.

    The Interfor Report claims that one or more baggage handlers at Pan Am’s facilities in Frankfurt serviced the drug trade, swapping out innocent baggage for drug-laden baggage. The Report also claims that a CIA team (referred to as CIA-1 in the Report) had learned about this drug operation and was using their knowledge of it to extract concessions from those holding the hostages in Beirut.

    The report claims that the McKee-led team of CIA people – in Beirut to plan a hostage rescue operation – learned of this drug smuggling operation and the role of some CIA people in it. According to the report, “The [McKee] team was outraged, believing that its rescue and their lives would be endangered by the double dealing.”

    The report said, “By mid-December the team became frustrated and angry and made plans to return to the U.S. with their photos and evidence to inform the government, and to publicize their findings if the government covered it up. They did not seek permission to return, which is against the rules. The return was unannounced. … Sources report eight CIA team members on that flight, but we only have identified the five names reported herein.

    According to the report, an undercover Mossad agent tipped off the German Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) 24 hours in advance that a bomb was to be placed on Pan Am Flight 103.

    . . .

    The intriguing details seem unending in this item. Read the whole hair-raising head-scratching horrific at the link. It deserves your hours of study and remembering all the names, connections, dates to establish your thinking in some place along The Timeline.

    I quit the quote at the particular mention of “a Mossad agent” (that is the ‘bad’ Israeli’s CIA/FBI-equivalent, the spy skunks, as you probably know but, just btw, did you know Rahm Emanuel is a high-order Mossad agent, reportedly 2nd-in-command for North America? probably you already knew he has dual US and Israel citizenship (papers) … allegiance to neither and loyalty to self), contacting the BKA in advance with “a tip.” Besides all other facets to see in the single sentence, let’s ask: How did that “contact” happen?

    Because that gives a segue into the following full-quoted report about The Timeline. Probably the Mossad ‘sent a message’ to the BKA such as a telegram. Or, in another way that these things work, Mossad’s ‘people’ called BKA’s ‘people.’ The point being that somewhere in the “contact” there was a phone call or a radio transmission, and that is where the CIA/NSA eavesdrops into the story, and at that we then know the spy-US/CIA/NSA knew and when they knew it. And my vaunted ‘The Timeline’ tease is simply the historic record of spy-US/CIA/NSA, 1945 to present-day.

    The “widest circumstantial environment” in all this (time and activities) to consider is simply that, sicko as it sounds, all Napoleon-complex and everything, there actually truly is in our world a rather limited and far-out group of persons who imagine and plan and intermittently conduct themselves to “take over the world.” Seriously. Serious to themselves, that is, especially. Full-blown crumbled-crackers ‘Pinky and the Brain.’ It could all be low comedy where humorous hijinks ensue if it wasn’t for the recognition that it is such persons as Herbie, who, in fact, indeed, can obtain military invasions of countries approximately by ‘having his people call their people,’ or can install his imbecile offspring in The Fright House for 8 years by, more or less merely planning years in advance and pulling the strings and lifting the levers to do it. The guy is as looney-tunes as Hitler but quite a bit more dangerous to our life on Earth. Hitler did not have The Bomb or cruise missiles, not to mention spy satellites and instantaneous worldwide communication. Look it up — Herbie: Hellhound uber alles. And there are a few others of that league: Kissinger (who somehow ‘operates’ Obama), David Rockefeller, Netanyahu, say, or this latest figure seen looming in the shadows, I.M. Irving Moskowitz. Howard in Canada, Brown (and Blair) in Britain, whatshisname in Australia, have bit parts in it. (The Big Boys are the ones such as Herbie, Henry, David R., Ibn Saud & The Royals, who have been ‘in’ The Timeline, in the ‘CIA inner circle,’ continuously since 1945.) Seeing the major enemy is among spy-US/CIA/NSA, suddenly Putin and Chavez and Castro and Bhutto and Mandela and Nader start to look like our true friends.

    Yet everything is smoke-and-mirrors insane surreality. It takes constant concentration in the common sense by which we know everything can be explained as human nature of the three basic motives: Money, power, sex — either ‘they’ are trying to get rich, or trying to get their way, or trying to get laid — just like you and me. The danger is that billions of souls really can be driven self-doubting crazy if we believe the lies ‘they, the few’ are able to foist on the world. Unlike you and me.

    My favorite conciseness in it all is the version and verse of martyr Stephen Biko: The most powerful weapon in the hands of the oppressor … is the mind of the oppressed.

    Always check your infomation for its common-sense factor. Accept no substitute. And let’s go now to Wayne Madsen, once an NSA insider himself. Didja ever notice? that the ones who have actually really been privy ‘on the inside’ and got disgusted and got out or are trying to, (before being a double-crossed casualty), when they tell their stories they all converge on the same truth. For example, what Tom Ridge’s fresh new book is saying: “it’s all powermad faking and lies.” And has been since TV’s brainwashing stupor began, circa 1950. (And Don Hewitt a devil of infamy in it.)

    August 18-19, 2009 — Release of Libyan agent puts spotlight on actual perpetrators of PanAm 103 bombing

    The imminent release from a Scottish jail of convicted PanAm 103 bomber, Libyan intelligence agent Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, has, once again, focused attention on the actual perpetrators of the December 21, 1988, bombing of the PanAm Boeing 747 enroute from London Heathrow to New York that killed 271 people on the plane and in the Scottish town of Lockerbie. Scottish authorities have signaled that they plan to release Megrahi for humanitarian reasons because he has prostate cancer and wishes to spend his last days with his family in Libya.

    Megrahi, the security chief for Libyan Arab Airlines, and another Libyan agent, Al-Amin Khalifa Fahima, were indicted for the bombing but Fahima was found not guilty. There is ample evidence that Megrahi was also not guilty but became caught up in a high-stakes intelligence game between the CIA, Britain’s MI-6, Iran, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command, Israel’s Mossad, and Libya. There has always been a belief that the CIA planted evidence against Megrahi in order to protect U.S. intelligence operations in the Middle East.

    This editor spoke to the late Pierre Salinger, Press Secretary for President John F. Kennedy, in 1993 about PanAm 103. Salinger, who had worked for ABC News in Paris, was convinced, based on his sources in Europe and the Middle East, that Iran, not Libya, was responsible for the attack on PanAm 103 as retaliation for the USS Vincennes downing of an IranAir Airbus over the Persian Gulf.

    The following article is partially germane to the PanAm 103 case:
    ____________________________________
    Crypto AG: The NSA’s Trojan Whore?, CovertAction Quarterly, Wayne Madsen, Winter 1998

    FOR AT LEAST HALF A CENTURY, THE US HAS BEEN INTERCEPTING AND DECRYPTING THE TOP SECRET DOCUMENTS OF MOST OF THE WORLD’S GOVERNMENTS

    It may be the greatest intelligence scam of the century: For decades, the US has routinely intercepted and deciphered top secret encrypted messages of 120 countries. These nations had bought the world’s most sophisticated and supposedly secure commercial encryption technology from Crypto AG, a Swiss company that staked its reputation and the security concerns of its clients on its neutrality. The purchasing nations, confident that their communications were protected, sent messages from their capitals to embassies, military missions, trade offices, and espionage dens around the world, via telex, radio, teletype, and facsimile. They not only conducted sensitive albeit legal business and diplomacy, but sometimes strayed into criminal matters, issuing orders to assassinate political leaders, bomb commercial buildings, and engage in drug and arms smuggling. All the while, because of a secret agreement between the National Security Agency (NSA) and Crypto AG, they might as well have been hand delivering the message to Washington. Their Crypto AG machines had been rigged so that when customers used them, the random encryption key could be automatically and clandestinely transmitted with the enciphered message. NSA analysts could read the message traffic as easily as they could the morning newspaper.

    The cover shielding the NSA-Crypto AG relationship was torn in March 1992, when the Iranian military counterintelligence service arrested Hans Buehler, Crypto AG’s marketing representative in Teheran. The Iranian government charged the tall, 50ish businessman with spying for the “intelligence services of the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States of America.” “I was questioned for five hours a day for nine months,” Buehler says. “I was never beaten, but I was strapped to wooden benches and told I would be beaten. I was told Crypto was a spy center” that worked with foreign intelligence services. Despite prolonged interrogation, Buehler – who had worked for Crypto AG for 13 years and was on his 25th trip to Iran – apparently maintained his ignorance. “I didn’t know that the equipment was bugged, otherwise the Iranians would have gotten it out of me by their many methods. ”

    With millions of dollars in contracts and a major international spy operation at stake, the company was eager to make the incident and Buehler go away, even though the salesman had brought in 40 percent of Crypto’s 100 million Swiss franc sales revenue. Crypto bought Buehler’s freedom with a $1 million payment to the Iranians, returned him to Switzerland, and then, astonishingly, fired him and ordered the bewildered salesman to repay the bond. The cover-up backfired, however, when current and former Crypto employees came to Buehler’s defense and shared their first-hand knowledge of manipulated cipher equipment. “I hold proofs [sic] of the rigging of code machines,” said an unidentified former Crypto AG engineer. “Fifteen years ago, I saw American and German engineers doctoring our machines. It took me some time until I was certain about the manipulations. The proofs: technical documents. … I put them in a bank safety deposit box. Then I informed the federal prosecutors office in Berne. There were many conversations. Suddenly, these contacts were broken off and the affair petered out.”

    The engineer told another reporter: the schemes and the cipher keys were created by them [NSA and BND (Bundesnachrichtendienst - the German intelligence service)]. I immediately, discreetly, notified the Swiss prosecutors. There was an investigation. I was never able to find out the result. Today, the Buehler affair brings everything out in the open again. And, I’m afraid. What happened to Hans Buehler could happen to any other salesperson of Crypto AG. It’s not a question of attacking this company; it’s a question of saving lives. … When the Swiss media began to reveal the background of Buehler’s story, Crypto AG responded with a lawsuit in an attempt to quash the story and muzzle Buehler. The suit was settled days before former Crypto engineers were to testify that they thought the machines had been altered. The parties agreed not to disclose the settlement and Crypto sought to reassure its clients. Informed sources in Switzerland and the Middle East confirmed that Crypto AG settled because it, and the NSA and BND, didn’t want to reveal anything in court.

    Nevertheless, the damage to Crypto AG’s credibility was already done. Customers from Saddam Hussein to the Pope grew nervous. Informed of the details around the Hans Buehler incident, the Vatican which uses Swiss cipher machines to secure diplomatic communications transmitted from the Holy See to the many papal nuncios around the world-showed a marked lack of charity. An official branded the perpetrators “bandits!”

    SWISS CHEESE NEUTRALITY

    Although the Iranians may have been technically wrong about Buehler’s complicity in the massive deception, they were right that something was rotten at Crypto AG. And even before the firing of Hans Buehler, some of Cypto’s engineers were ambivalent about secret deals with the NSA. “At first, I was idealistic,” said Juerg Spoerndli, who left Crypto in 1994. “But I adapted quickly. … The new aim was to help Big Brother USA look over these countries’ shoulders. We’d say, ‘It’s better to let the USA see what these dictators are doing.’ ” Soon, however, Spoerndli grew apprehensive over the manipulation. “It’s still an imperialistic approach to the world. I don’t think it’s the way business should be done.” Ruedi Hug, another former Crypto AG engineer, was also critical. “I feel betrayed,” he declared. “They always told us, ‘We are the best. Our equipment is not breakable, blah, blah, blah. … Switzerland is a neutral country.’ ”

    Apparently not. A document released in 1995 by Britain’s Public Records Office indicates that Switzerland and nato concluded a secret deal in 1956. The “Top Secret” document, dated February 10, 1956, with the reference “PREM 11/1224,” was written by the famous British World War II figure, Field Marshal Bernard L. Montgomery. While “Monty” was a vice-commander of NATO, he discussed a secret alliance with Swiss Defense Minister Paul Chaudet. In peacetime, Switzerland would be officially neutral, but in wartime, it would side with NATO. A US document released in 1995 shows Switzerland’s importance to US national security. A Presidential directive on national security prepared for President Truman states that “Switzerland … delivers precision instruments and other materials necessary for the armament of the USA and NATO countries [emphasis added].” Germany’s BND, too, has apparently cooperated with the US encryption rigging scheme through Siemens Defense Electronics Group of Munich.

    A previous director of Siemens called Crypto AG a “secret Siemens daughter,” while a former Crypto AG financial director said, “the owner of the firm [Crypto] is the Federal Republic [of Germany].” The Siemens connection to Crypto was remarkably incestuous. Siemens provided technical assistance for the machine manipulation process. Suspicion about the German electronics giant’s role in Crypto’s operations was heightened when it was reported that Siemens helped raise the $1 million to spring Buehler from his Teheran prison cell. In fact, after revelations of the Crypto-Siemens association hit the Swiss press, Crypto’s managing director Michael Grupe informed the employees that the advisory board to Crypto’s board of directors was being dissolved. The two advisers – Alfred Nowosad and Helmut Wiesner – were both full-time Siemens employees. With the world media describing the company as a silent partner of German and American signals intelligence (sigint) agencies around the world, Grube announced that “Crypto is changing its profile.” The German government’s contribution to the encryption rigging scheme also included its pressuring another Swiss firm, Gretag Data Systems AG, to allow a “red thread” program to be installed in the encryption software. “Red threading” is the software equivalent of sending in a Greek Trojan horse. Once owned by AT&T, this encryption manufacturer was acquired in 1995 by Information Resources Engineering (IRE), Inc. of Baltimore, Maryland. Interestingly, IRE is staffed by a number of ex-NSA cryptographic engineers.

    A third Swiss encryption company, Info Guard AG, was fully acquired by Crypto AG on June 16, 1994. Info Guard, which had been 50 percent owned by Crypto AG, primarily sells encryption units to banks in Switzerland and abroad. Although German and American sigint agencies were involved in manipulating Crypto’s cipher machines, Motorola, one of the NSA’s major US contractors, performed the actual technical lteration, according to a former Crypto AG chief engineer who was personally involved in the manipulation process.

    CRYPTO HUDDLE

    Once the cipher machines were rigged to include the secret decryption key, the BND and NSA codebreakers could use the transmitted key to read any message sent by Crypto AG’s 120 country customers. One previous Crypto AG employee contends that all developmental Crypto AG equipment had to be sent for approval to the NSA and to the German Central Cipher Bureau (Zentralstelle für Chiffrierung [ZfCH]), now the Federal Information Security Agency (Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik [BSI] which is also Department 62 of the BND) in Bad Godesberg, near Bonn. In other cases, Crypto AG was apparently forced to market encryption equipment manufactured in the US, sent to Crypto, and passed off as Swiss equipment. In the 1970s, as Crypto was moving from electro-mechanical to computerized crypto units, a former Crypto AG engineer in Switzerland inspected one of the first prototype computerized machines sent from the US. He remarked that since the code could be easily broken, he found the machine useless. But when he told his superiors that he could improve the encryption process if he was given access to the mathematical functions, two US cryptographic “experts” refused to disclose the information.

    According to a confidential Crypto AG memorandum, one of the NSA “experts” may have been Nora L. Mackabee, an NSA cryptographer who is now retired on a horse farm in Maryland along with her husband Lester, another retired NSA employee. Between August 19 and 20, 1975, three Crypto AG engineers huddled with Mackabee (identified as representing “IA” most likely “intelligence agency”) along with three Motorola engineers and one other American, Herb Frank. One Motorola engineer recalled that Frank was probably from another US intelligence agency based in northern Virginia but described him as a non-technical person who seemed to be making the administrative arrangements for Mackabee.
    Crypto engineer Juerg Spoerndli, who was responsible for designing the firm’s encryption equipment, had heard from older engineers about the visits in earlier years by mysterious Americans. He concluded that NSA was ordering the design changes through German intermediaries. He confirmed the manipulation and admitted that in the late 1970s, he was “ordered to change algorithms under mysterious circumstances” to weaken his cipher units.

    PRIVACY? HA!

    Although the Buehler incident lent credence to the NSA Trojan Horse theory, it was not the first time that suspicions were raised. Teheran had become concerned in 1987 when US official claimed “conclusive evidence that Iran ordered the kidnapping” of ABC News Beirut correspondent Charles Glass. Washington’s alleged proof was coded Iranian diplomatic cables intercepted by the NSA between Teheran and the Hezbollah (Party of God) terrorist group in Lebanon via Iran’s embassies in Beirut and Damascus. The next year, when a terrorist bomb brought down PanAm Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, it seems the NSA gained information by intercepting the communications of Iranian Interior Minister Ali Akbar Mohtashemi. It was apparently these messages that implicated Iran, not Libya. One intelligence summary, prepared by the US Air Force Intelligence Agency, cites Iran’s Mohtashemi as the mastermind. Released in redacted form pursuant to a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request by lawyers for the bankrupt Pan American Airlines, it states: Mohtashemi is closely connected with the Al Abas and Abu Nidal terrorist groups. He is actually a long-time friend of Abu Nidal. He has recently paid 10 million dollars in cash and gold to these two organizations to carry out terrorist activities and was the one who paid the same amount to bomb PanAm Flight 103 in retaliation for the U.S. shoot-down of the Iranian Airbus. Mohtashemi has also spent time in Lebanon.

    An Israeli intercept of Iranian diplomatic coded communications between Mohtashemi’s Interior Ministry in Teheran and the Iranian embassy in Beirut (where Mohtashemi once served as ambassador) revealed more than two years before Buehler was arrested by Iran that the Shi’ite cleric transferred $1.2 to $2 million used for the bombing of PanAm 103 to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command headed by Ahmed Jibril. Such revelations must have made the Iranians extremely suspect of the security of their diplomatic traffic. The role of Israel may be explained by a little-reported intelligence alliance. NSA maintains a link with the Israeli SIGINT entity, “Department 8200,” located in northern Tel Aviv at Herzliya. The SIGINT link is said to involve the British Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) base on Cyprus. Israel’s ability to crack the Iranian Crypto AG codes indicates that Israel had access to the key decoding programs. The ease with which the West was reading Iranian coded transactions obviously meant that someone in Israel’s SIGINT services possessed the decryption keys.

    Then in 1992, Buehler was arrested. As the Swiss authorities struggled to put the pieces together, they at first believed that the Iranian secret services were retaliating for the arrest in Switzerland of Zeynold Abedine Sarhadi, an employee of the Iranian embassy in Berne and a nephew of former Iranian President Hashemi Rafsanjani. Swiss police had arrested Sarhadi in early 1992 and were planning to extradite him to France to face trial for the 1991 assassination in Paris of former Iranian Prime Minister Shahpour Bakhtiar. On August 7, 1991, one day before Bakhtiar was found dead with his throat slit, the Teheran headquarters of the Iranian Intelligence Service, vevak, transmitted a coded message to Iranian diplomatic missions in London, Paris, Bonn, and Geneva, inquiring “Is Bakhtiar dead?”

    The Iranians concluded from Western press reports that British and American sigint operators had intercepted and decoded the message (as reported by L’Express of Paris) and knew that Teheran was behind the assassination. They realized that their code had been broken, looked to their Crypto AG cipher machines, and picked up Buehler. According to one European source, they may also have been tipped off by Stasi files of the ex-East German regime that found their way to Iran and revealed the Crypto AG ruse. In any case, the Iranians immediately began grilling prisoner 01228-1 about the role he and his company played in giving Iranian and Libyan codes to the US. Iran knew that Bakhtiar’s assassination had compromised the intelligence functions of the Iranian UN mission and embassy in Geneva. The NSA had already identified one of the assassins, Mohammed Azadi, from intercepts of his phone calls from a pay phone in the town of Annecy in Savoy and an Istanbul apartment to the Iranian diplomatic mission in Geneva. On December 6, 1994, a special French terrorism court convicted two Iranians of murdering Bakhtiar, but strangely, it acquitted Sarhadi. “Justice has not been entirely served [for] reasons of state,” complained Bakhtiar’s widow bitterly. Those “reasons” may have included a tacit agreement among France, Switzerland, the German BND, and the NSA to spare Sarhadi in order to avoid producing captured transmissions and preserve the questionable secrecy surrounding the Crypto AG cipher manipulation program.

    It was not only the “rogue states” that were targeted. During the sensitive Anglo-Irish negotiations of 1985, the NSA’s British counterpart, the GCHQ, was able to decipher the coded diplomatic traffic being sent between the Irish embassy in London and the Irish Foreign Ministry in Dublin. It was reported in the Irish press that Dublin had purchased a cryptographic system from Crypto AG worth more than a million Irish pounds. It was also reported that the NSA routinely monitored and deciphered the Irish diplomatic messages. Later, during the Falklands War, British GCHQ operators were able to decrypt classified Argentine message traffic because the Argentineans were using rigged Crypto AG cipher machines. Former British Foreign Office minister Ted Rowlands publicly stated that gchq had penetrated Argentine diplomatic codes.

    If it turns out that the extent of communications interception is as broad as suspected, the international implications are profound. Every country in the world that used secure communications is potentially affected. Some have sought to abandon Crypto AG, but found their options limited. The US had at times required purchase of specific machines as a condition for favors. Pakistan was allegedly granted American military credits with only one provision, that it buy its encryption equipment from Crypto AG. Additionally, “It is not unheard of for NSA to offer preferential export treatment to a company if it builds a back door into its equipment,” says one person with long experience in the field. “I’ve seen it. I’ve been in the room.” Several countries abandoned Crypto AG but failed to ensure secrecy. The Libyans switched to Gretag units after the NSA cited secret communications to allege Libyan involvement in the 1986 La Belle disco bombing in West Berlin. One senior US official said the fact that the Libyans were making their codes more difficult to crack would “make our job tougher.” But the NSA seemed to have the Gretag base covered as well. According to one knowledgeable cryptographic industry expert, NSA’s program to co-opt the services of encryption manufacturrs probably extends to all those within reach of NSA operatives. US cryptographic companies would be definite candidates for such participation.

    The NSA program also likely extends to companies in NATO and pro-US countries which have close relationships with GCHQ, NSA, and the BND. Even neutral countries’ firms are not off-limits to NSA manipulations. A former Crypto AG employee confirmed that high-level US officials approached neutral European countries and argued that their cooperation was essential to the Cold War struggle against the Soviets. The NSA allegedly received support from cryptographic companies Crypto AG and Gretag AG in Switzerland, Transvertex in Sweden, Nokia in Finland, and even newly-privatized firms in post-Communist Hungary. In 1970, according to a secret German BND intelligence paper, supplied to the author, the Germans planned to “fuse” the operations of three cryptographic firms-Crypto AG, Grattner AG (another Swiss cipher firm), and Ericsson of Sweden. Securocrats often turn to the bogeyman of “rogue” nations in order to justify the expense and ethical necessity of eavesdropping on all forms of international communication, but in reality many intercepts involve messages by neutral or allied nations. NSA’s 1993 release of the World War II era “magic” intercepts under FOIA pressure revealed that US military intelligence read not only messages by Axis nations, but also intercepted and decrypted the top secret communications of Allied and neutral nations. Switzerland was among the more than 30 countries whose messages were being read. Since Swiss-made cipher machines were used by many governments at the time, it is likely that the US has been reading such messages for over half a century. An early example is the use of top secret intercepts by the US delegation to the 1945 founding convention of the United Nations in San Francisco.

    Fifty years of intercepted communication have given the US and its co-conspirators trade, diplomatic, economic and strategic advantages. By intercepting the “bottom line” negotiating positions of foreign governments, they have been able to shape international treaties and negotiations in their own favor: They will know, for example, the exact health status of the king of Saudi Arabia, the secret financial transactions of the president of Peru, the negotiating position of South Africa’s trade delegation to the World Trade Organization, or the anti-abortion strategy of the Pope in the United Nations. Such information, presented daily to the president and the secretary of state in their intelligence briefings, is extremely useful and allows the US to play high-stakes diplomatic poker with a mirror behind everyone else’s back.

    • cocktailhag says:

      Great articles, Meremark, and thanks for posting them. Every time I start to feel like Shrill Absolutist, all I have to do is read something like that.

  12. Duard says:

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